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Compare Aruba (2001) - Indian Ocean (2002)

Compare Aruba (2001) z Indian Ocean (2002)

 Aruba (2001)Indian Ocean (2002)
 ArubaIndian Ocean
Administrative divisions none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands) -
Age structure 0-14 years:
21.29% (male 7,709; female 7,193)

15-64 years:
68.52% (male 23,111; female 24,859)

65 years and over:
10.19% (male 2,954; female 4,181) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products aloes; livestock; fish -
Airports 1 (2000 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
193 sq km

land:
193 sq km

water:
0 sq km		 total: 68.556 million sq km


note: includes Andaman Sea, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, Great Australian Bight, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Mozambique Channel, Persian Gulf, Red Sea, Strait of Malacca, and other tributary water bodies
Area - comparative slightly larger than Washington, DC about 5.5 times the size of the US
Background Discovered and claimed for Spain in 1499, Aruba was acquired by the Dutch in 1636. The island's economy has been dominated by three main industries. A 19th century gold rush was followed by prosperity brought on by the opening in 1924 of an oil refinery. The last decades of the 20th century saw a boom in the tourism industry. Aruba seceded from the Netherlands Antilles in 1986 and became a separate, autonomous member of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Movement toward full independence was halted at Aruba's request in 1990. The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean, but larger than the Southern Ocean and Arctic Ocean). Four critically important access waterways are the Suez Canal (Egypt), Bab el Mandeb (Djibouti-Yemen), Strait of Hormuz (Iran-Oman), and Strait of Malacca (Indonesia-Malaysia). The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Indian Ocean south of 60 degrees south.
Birth rate 12.64 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$541 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)		 -
Capital Oranjestad -
Climate tropical marine; little seasonal temperature variation northeast monsoon (December to April), southwest monsoon (June to October); tropical cyclones occur during May/June and October/November in the northern Indian Ocean and January/February in the southern Indian Ocean
Coastline 68.5 km 66,526 km
Constitution 1 January 1986 -
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Aruba		 -
Currency Aruban guilder/florin (AWG) -
Death rate 6.21 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $285 million (1996) -
Dependency status part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs obtained in 1986 upon separation from the Netherlands Antilles; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Consul General Barbara J. STEPHENSON

embassy:
J. B. Gorsiraweg #1, Curacao

mailing address:
P. O. Box 158, Willemstad, Curacao

telephone:
[599] (9) 461-3066

FAX:
[599] (9) 461-6489		 -
Diplomatic representation in the US none (represented by the Kingdom of the Netherlands) -
Disputes - international none some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Economic aid - recipient $26 million (1995); note - the Netherlands provided a $127 million aid package to Aruba and Suriname in 1996 -
Economy - overview Tourism is the mainstay of the Aruban economy, although offshore banking and oil refining and storage are also important. The rapid growth of the tourism sector over the last decade has resulted in a substantial expansion of other activities. Construction has boomed, with hotel capacity five times the 1985 level. In addition, the reopening of the country's oil refinery in 1993, a major source of employment and foreign exchange earnings, has further spurred growth. Aruba's small labor force and less than 1% unemployment rate have led to a large number of unfilled job vacancies, despite sharp rises in wage rates in recent years. The Indian Ocean provides major sea routes connecting the Middle East, Africa, and East Asia with Europe and the Americas. It carries a particularly heavy traffic of petroleum and petroleum products from the oilfields of the Persian Gulf and Indonesia. Its fish are of great and growing importance to the bordering countries for domestic consumption and export. Fishing fleets from Russia, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan also exploit the Indian Ocean, mainly for shrimp and tuna. Large reserves of hydrocarbons are being tapped in the offshore areas of Saudi Arabia, Iran, India, and western Australia. An estimated 40% of the world's offshore oil production comes from the Indian Ocean. Beach sands rich in heavy minerals and offshore placer deposits are actively exploited by bordering countries, particularly India, South Africa, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Electricity - consumption 418.5 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 450 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Mount Jamanota 188 m		 lowest point: Java Trench -7,258 m


highest point: sea level 0 m
Environment - current issues NA endangered marine species include the dugong, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in the Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea
Ethnic groups mixed white/Caribbean Amerindian 80% -
Exchange rates Aruban guilders/florins per US dollar - 1.7900 (fixed rate since 1986) -
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen BEATRIX Wilhelmina Armgard of the Netherlands (since 30 April 1980), represented by Governor General Olindo KOOLMAN (since 1 January 1992)

head of government:
Prime Minister Jan (Henny) H. EMAN (since 29 July 1994) and Deputy Prime Minister Lili BEKE-MARTINEZ

cabinet:
Council of Ministers (elected by the Staten)

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed for a six-year term by the monarch; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by the Staten for four-year terms; election last held 12 July 1997 (next to be held by December 2001)

election results:
Jan (Henny) H. EMAN elected prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA%; Lili BEKE-MARTINEZ elected deputy prime minister; percent of legislative vote - NA%		 -
Exports $2.2 billion (including oil reexports) (2000 est.) -
Exports - commodities live animals and animal products, art and collectibles, machinery and electrical equipment, transport equipment -
Exports - partners US 42%, Colombia 20%, Netherlands 12% (1999) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description blue, with two narrow, horizontal, yellow stripes across the lower portion and a red, four-pointed star outlined in white in the upper hoist-side corner -
GDP purchasing power parity - $2 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $28,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 3.5% (2000 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 12 30 N, 69 58 W 20 00 S, 80 00 E
Geography - note - major chokepoints include Bab el Mandeb, Strait of Hormuz, Strait of Malacca, southern access to the Suez Canal, and the Lombok Strait
Highways total:
800 km

paved:
513 km

unpaved:
287 km

note:
most coastal roads are paved, while unpaved roads serve large tracts of the interior (1995)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Illicit drugs drug-money-laundering center and transit point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe -
Imports $2.5 billion (2000 est.) -
Imports - commodities machinery and electrical equipment, crude oil for refining and reexport, chemicals; foodstuffs -
Imports - partners US 63%, Netherlands 11%, Netherlands Antilles 3%, Japan (1999) -
Independence none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands) -
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries tourism, transshipment facilities, oil refining -
Infant mortality rate 6.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.2% (2000 est.) -
International organization participation Caricom (observer), ECLAC (associate), Interpol, IOC, UNESCO (associate), WCL, WToO (associate) -
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) NA -
Irrigated land 0.01 sq km -
Judicial branch Joint High Court of Justice (judges are appointed by the monarch) -
Labor force 41,501 (1997 est.) -
Labor force - by occupation most employment is in wholesale and retail trade and repair, followed by hotels and restaurants; oil refining -
Land boundaries 0 km -
Land use arable land:
7% (including aloe 0.01%)

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
93% (1993 est.)		 -
Languages Dutch (official), Papiamento (a Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, English dialect), English (widely spoken), Spanish -
Legal system based on Dutch civil law system, with some English common law influence -
Legislative branch unicameral Legislature or Staten (21 seats; members elected by direct, popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 12 December 1997 (next to be held by NA December 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - AVP 43%, MEP 39%, OLA 9% PPA 4%, ADN 2%, PARA 1%, MAS 0.5%; seats by party - AVP 10, MEP 9, OLA 2		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population:
78.52 years

male:
75.16 years

female:
82.04 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
97%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%		 -
Location Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Venezuela body of water between Africa, the Southern Ocean, Asia, and Australia
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Political Map of the World
Maritime claims territorial sea:
12 NM		 -
Merchant marine total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,120 GRT/3,635 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)		 -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands -
Military branches Royal Dutch Navy and Marines, Coast Guard -
National holiday Flag Day, 18 March -
Nationality noun:
Aruban(s)

adjective:
Aruban; Dutch		 -
Natural hazards lies outside the Caribbean hurricane belt occasional icebergs pose navigational hazard in southern reaches
Natural resources NEGL; white sandy beaches oil and gas fields, fish, shrimp, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules
Net migration rate NEGL -
Political parties and leaders Aruba Solidarity Movement or MAS [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Party or PDA [Leo BERLINSKI]; Aruban Liberal Party or OLA [Glenbert CROES]; Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA [Benny NISBET]; Aruban People's Party or AVP [Tico CROES]; Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Nelson ODUBER]; For a Restructured Aruba Now or PARA [leader NA]; National Democratic Action or ADN [Pedro Charro KELLY] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 70,007 (July 2001 est.) -
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 0.64% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Barcadera, Oranjestad, Sint Nicolaas Chennai (Madras; India), Colombo (Sri Lanka), Durban (South Africa), Jakarta (Indonesia), Kolkata (Calcutta; India) Melbourne (Australia), Mumbai (Bombay; India), Richards Bay (South Africa)
Radio broadcast stations AM 4, FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998) -
Radios 50,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km -
Religions Roman Catholic 82%, Protestant 8%, Hindu, Muslim, Confucian, Jewish -
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.07 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.93 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.71 male(s)/female

total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal -
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
more than adequate

international:
1 submarine cable to Sint Maarten (Netherlands Antilles); extensive interisland microwave radio relay links		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 33,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 3,402 (1997) -
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) -
Terrain flat with a few hills; scant vegetation surface dominated by counterclockwise gyre (broad, circular system of currents) in the southern Indian Ocean; unique reversal of surface currents in the northern Indian Ocean; low atmospheric pressure over southwest Asia from hot, rising, summer air results in the southwest monsoon and southwest-to-northeast winds and currents, while high pressure over northern Asia from cold, falling, winter air results in the northeast monsoon and northeast-to-southwest winds and currents; ocean floor is dominated by the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge and subdivided by the Southeast Indian Ocean Ridge, Southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and Ninetyeast Ridge
Total fertility rate 1.8 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Unemployment rate 0.6% (1999 est.) -
Waterways none -
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